Weight-loss surgery bad for bones

A new study says weight-loss surgery can cause declines in bone mass and strength, and is linked to an increased risk of bone fractures. Skeletal changes after surgery appear early and continue even after weight-loss plateaus and weight stabilises. Nutritional factors, mechanical unloading, hormonal factors, and changes in body composition and bone marrow fat may contribute to poor bone health. Most studies have examined the effects of the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass procedure, which was the most commonly performed weight-loss procedure worldwide until it was very recently overtaken by sleeve gastrectomy. Because sleeve gastrectomy is a newer procedure, its skeletal effects have not yet been well defined. The review's findings indicate that clinical guidelines on weigh- loss surgery should address bone health as a priority. The study appears in the journal JBMR Plus. 

Sauna bathing may reduce stroke risk 

Frequent sauna bathing may significantly reduce the risk of stroke, according to a long-term study. In the 15-year follow-up study published in the journal Neurology, people taking a sauna four to seven times a week were 61 per cent less likely to suffer a stroke than those taking a sauna once a week. Stroke is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide, placing a heavy human and economic burden on societies. The findings by researchers, including those from the Cambridge University, involved 1,628 men and women aged 53 to 74 years living in the eastern part of Finland. Based on their frequency of taking traditional Finnish sauna baths (relative humidity 10-20 per cent), the study participants were divided into three groups: those taking a sauna once a week, those taking a sauna two to three times a week, and those taking a sauna four to seven times a week. The more frequently saunas were taken; the lower was the risk of stroke, researchers said. The mechanisms driving the association of sauna bathing with reduced stroke may include a reduction in blood pressure, stimulation of immune system, a positive impact on the autonomic nervous system, and an improved cardiovascular function, they said. — Agencies